PERSONALIZED LEARNING IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL LEARNING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: FUTURISTIC PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES

Leila Ali, Clorinda Sorrentino, Lucia Martiniello

Abstract


This is a narrative review about personalized learning and how digital learning impacts students and teachers’ roles and lifelong learning. AI is changing learning designs, providing learner-centred approaches, and less burden for educators. Yet, digital managerial and ethical challenges related to artificial consciousness and machine autonomy are also rising.  Urgent research and ethical considerations will guide the use of these powerful tools.

 


Keywords


digital learning, artificial intelligence, personalized learning, neuroscience of learning, learning design apprendimento digitale, intelligenza artificiale, apprendimento personalizzato, neuroscienze dell'apprendimento, progettazione dell'apprendimento.

Full Text:

PDF (Italiano)

References


References

Bećirović, S., Brdarević-Čeljo, A., & Delić, H. (2021). The use of digital technology in foreign language learning. SN Social Sciences, 1(10), 246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-021-00254-y

Bishop, J. M. (2021). Artificial Intelligence Is Stupid and Causal Reasoning Will Not Fix It. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.513474

Chai, W. J., Abd Hamid, A. I., & Abdullah, J. M. (2018). Working Memory From the Psychological and Neurosciences Perspectives: A Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00401

Clark, R. E., & Martin, S. J. (Eds.). (2018). Behavioral neuroscience of learning and memory. Springer.

Courtemanche, F., Najjar, M., & Mayers, A. (2008). Cognitive Load Estimation for Optimizing Learning within Intelligent Tutoring Systems. 719–721. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69132-7_88

Dockterman, D. (2018). Insights from 200+ years of personalized learning. Npj Science of Learning, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-018-0033-x

Fellman, D., Lincke, A., Berge, E., & Jonsson, B. (2020). Predicting Visuospatial and Verbal Working Memory by Individual Differences in E-Learning Activities. Frontiers in Education, 5. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2020.00022

Gamino, J. F., Frost, C., Riddle, R., Koslovsky, J., & Chapman, S. B. (2022). Higher-Order Executive Function in Middle School: Training Teachers to Enhance Cognition in Young Adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.867264

Ghandour, K., & Inokuchi, K. (2022). Memory reactivations during sleep. Neuroscience Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2022.12.018

Gunzenhauser, C., & Nückles, M. (2021). Training Executive Functions to Improve Academic Achievement: Tackling Avenues to Far Transfer. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624008

Hamati-Ataya, I. (2014). Transcending objectivism, subjectivism, and the knowledge in-between: The subject in/of ‘strong reflexivity.’ Review of International Studies, 40(1), 153–175. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210513000041

Hong, J.-C., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., & Zhao, L. (2021). High School Students’ Online Learning Ineffectiveness in Experimental Courses During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.738695

Hubackova, S. (2015). History and Perspectives of Elearning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 1187–1190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.594

Mary, D., Marian, K. (2006). Improving Classroom Dynamics to Support Students’ Learning and Social Inclusion. Support for learning. 21(1). 5-11. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/31870768_Improving_Classroom_Dynamics_to_Support_Students'_Learning_and_Social_Inclusion

Isman, A., a, A., & Altinay, F. (2004). Roles of the Students and Teachers in Distance Education. The Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 5.

Ji, H., Han, I., & Ko, Y. (2023). A systematic review of conversational AI in language education: Focusing on the collaboration with human teachers. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 55(1), 48–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2022.2142873

Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams: Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science (New York, N.Y.), 367(6473), eaaw4325. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325

Jouf University, & Humayun, M. (2020). Blockchain-Based secure framework for e-learning during COVID-19. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 13(12), 1328–1341. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v13i12.152

Karpicke, J., & Blunt, J. (2011). Retrieval Practice Produces More Learning than Elaborative Studying with Concept Mapping. Science (New York, N.Y.), 331, 772–775. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199327

Kennerley, S. W., & Walton, M. E. (2011). Decision Making and Reward in Frontal Cortex. Behavioral Neuroscience, 125(3), 297–317. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023575

Khakim, Z., & Kusrohmaniah, S. (2022). Emotional Distraction in E-learning Environment: Effect on Declarative Memory and Exploration of Physiological Marker. Jurnal Psikologi, 49, 255. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.74145

Knowlton, B., & Moody, T. (2008). Procedural Learning in Humans. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 321–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012370509-9.00123-6

Lockey, A., Conaghan, P., Bland, A., & Astin, F. (2020). Educational theory and its application to advanced life support courses: A narrative review. Resuscitation Plus, 5, 100053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2020.100053

Miry, O., Li, J., & Chen, L. (2021). The Quest for the Hippocampal Memory Engram: From Theories to Experimental Evidence. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.632019

Mitchell, E., Lee, Y., Khazatsky, A., Manning, C. D., & Finn, C. (2023). DetectGPT: Zero-Shot Machine-Generated Text Detection using Probability Curvature (arXiv:2301.11305; Version 1). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.11305

Moreira, B. F. T., Pinto, T. S. S., Starling, D. S. V., & Jaeger, A. (2019). Retrieval Practice in Classroom Settings: A Review of Applied Research. Frontiers in Education, 4. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2019.00005

Morgan-Short, K., Faretta-Stutenberg, M., Brill-Schuetz, K. A., Carpenter, H., & Wong, P. C. M. (2014). Declarative and procedural memory as individual differences in second language acquisition*. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 17(1), 56–72. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728912000715

Mukhalalati, B. A., & Taylor, A. (2019). Adult Learning Theories in Context: A Quick Guide for Healthcare Professional Educators. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 6, 238212051984033. https://doi.org/10.1177/2382120519840332

Noor, U., Younas, M., Saleh Aldayel, H., Menhas, R., & Qingyu, X. (2022). Learning behavior, digital platforms for learning and its impact on university student’s motivations and knowledge development. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.933974

Carrier, M., Damerow, R. M., Bailey, K. M. (2017). Review of Digital language learning and teaching: Research, theory, and practice. Language learning and technology. 22(1), 65-68. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322930462_Review_of_Digital_language_learning_and_teaching_Research_theory_and_practice

Robledo-Castro, C., Castillo-Ossa, L. F., & Corchado, J. M. (2023). Artificial Cognitive Systems Applied in Executive Function Stimulation and Rehabilitation Programs: A Systematic Review. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 48(2), 2399–2427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-07292-5

Saks, K., Ilves, H., & Noppel, A. (2021). The Impact of Procedural Knowledge on the Formation of Declarative Knowledge: How Accomplishing Activities Designed for Developing Learning Skills Impacts Teachers’ Knowledge of Learning Skills. Education Sciences, 11(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100598

Schiff, D. (2021). Out of the laboratory and into the classroom: The future of artificial intelligence in education. AI & SOCIETY, 36(1), 331–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-01033-8

Schneider, S., Beege, M., Nebel, S., Schnaubert, L., & Rey, G. D. (2022). The Cognitive-Affective-Social Theory of Learning in digital Environments (CASTLE). Educational Psychology Review, 34(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09626-5

Seger, C., & Spiering, B. (2011). A Critical Review of Habit Learning and the Basal Ganglia. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 5. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2011.00066

Shokrkon, A., & Nicoladis, E. (2022). The Directionality of the Relationship Between Executive Functions and Language Skills: A Literature Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.848696

Siemens, G. (2018). Connectivism. Foundations of Learning and Instructional Design Technology. https://open.byu.edu/lidtfoundations/connectivism

Stokel-Walker, C., & Van Noorden, R. (2023). What ChatGPT and generative AI mean for science. Nature, 614(7947), 214–216. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00340-6

Suleri, J. I., & Suleri, A. J. (2019). Comparing Virtual Learning, Classical Classroom Learning and Blended Learning. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.20897/ejosdr/3970

Tetzlaff, L., Schmiedek, F., & Brod, G. (2021). Developing Personalized Education: A Dynamic Framework. Educational Psychology Review, 33(3), 863–882. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09570-w

Ruiz, S., Rebuschat, P., & Meurers, D. (2021). The effects of working memory and declarative memory on instructed second language vocabulary learning: Insights from intelligent CALL. Language Teaching Research. 25(4), 510–539. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688198728599

Tsianos, N., Germanakos, P., Lekkas, Z., Mourlas, C., & Samaras, G. (2010). Working Memory Span and E-Learning: The Effect of Personalization Techniques on Learners’ Performance. 64–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13470-8_8

Uddén, J., Folia, V., & Petersson, K. M. (2010). The Neuropharmacology of Implicit Learning. Current Neuropharmacology, 8(4), 367–381. https://doi.org/10.2174/157015910793358178

van Dis, E. A. M., Bollen, J., Zuidema, W., van Rooij, R., & Bockting, C. L. (2023). ChatGPT: Five priorities for research. Nature, 614(7947), 224–226. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00288-7

Walkington, C., & Bernacki, M. L. (2020). Appraising research on personalized learning: Definitions, theoretical alignment, advancements, and future directions. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 52(3), 235–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2020.1747757

Warsaw, R. E., Jones, A., Rose, A. K., Newton-Fenner, A., Alshukri, S., & Gage, S. H. (2021). Mobile Technology Use and Its Association With Executive Functioning in Healthy Young Adults: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643542

Williams, J., Fiore, S. M., & Jentsch, F. (2022). Supporting Artificial Social Intelligence With Theory of Mind. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 5. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frai.2022.750763

Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1798995

Wong, P. C. M., Vuong, L., & Liu, K. (2017). Personalized Learning: From Neurogenetics of Behaviors to Designing Optimal Language Training. Neuropsychologia, 98, 192–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.10.002




DOI: https://doi.org/10.32043/gsd.v7i1.856

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Giornale Italiano di Educazione alla Salute, Sport e Didattica Inclusiva

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Italian Journal of Health Education, Sports and Inclusive Didactics 
ISSN: 2532-3296